Essential oils in cosmetics and perfumery
During the development of medicine, in particular herbal medicine, was inextricably linked with the development of cosmetics and perfumes. Our ancestors, worrying about health, do not forget about their appearance, healthy appearance, a wide range of used cosmetics in the form of fragrant water, ointments, tinctures, natural vegetable juices, broth and other things.
Beginning the practice of aromatic substances in cosmetics in the XVI century BC. Oe. First there were the Sumerians, the Egyptians followed, the Assyrians, Babylonians. The first written documents containing recipes for cosmetics, are the Ebers Papyrus and Hirst. The first author of the book on cosmetics was the queen Cleopatra. The directory listed recipes powder, white paint and rouge, lipstick. The issues involved in cosmetic Hippocrates, who described 236 plants and some prescriptions for the treatment of cosmetic defects, then Diocles, who offered therapeutic massage and respectable means of recipes for hair care, skin, eyes, nose, lips, hands, body fragrance, and even flavoring indoor air . Attached great importance to cosmetics Pliny, the founder of phytotherapy Dioscoride. The famous Roman physician Claudius Galen was a prescription cream called "cold cream". Star period of development of cosmetics were 30-s N. Oe. Rome. On the cosmetic secrets of Roman women wrote Ovid and Horace. They told about what perfume and aromatic lipstick used beauties of Rome after a bath in the morning and evening dresses. At the Kievan Rus in the XII century, the granddaughter of Vladimir Monomakh Evpraksinya wrote a book boards for body care, which, inter alia, recommended the use of Russian steam room, massage with birch and oak twigs in combination with fragrant infusion. Russian women are widely used for cosmetic purposes kvass, brine from pickled cucumbers, fresh milk, egg yolk and different vegetable juices. Then we started to apply blush, white, pink and mint water. Fragrant ointment, comprised of plant aromatic substances, possessed not only a wonderful fragrance, but also healing properties. In ancient times, specialists in cosmetics is well known and the possibility of psycho-emotional effects of fragrances on the man through his olfactory organs that were successfully used in various religious rituals, witchcraft, magic. Thus, for a long time man has used various methods of influence of aromatic substances on the body: by taking them inside, through the skin and through the sense of smell. And now these methods largely preserved. Above all, this massage with healing ointments and creams. However, in order to penetrate into the skin of one milligram of extract for therapeutic massage, massage the patient's need for a long time. Without prejudice to the merits of this method and its therapeutic effects on the human body, it should be noted some shortcomings, which are that at long massage the skin loses elasticity and becomes flabby. The second method – internal use of aromatic plant substances in the form of infusions, tinctures, balms, broths, extracts, natural juices. Sometimes used as aromatherapy injection. The third way – therapy using inhaled. The fourth way – is long-lasting effect of aromatic plant substances through human skin for the whole of his body. It is known that the mass of the skin is 20 percent of the entire mass of the body. It committed the most complex processes that are complementary, and sometimes duplicate the work of internal organs. The whole area of its -2,5 square. m – healthy skin is involved in breathing, regulation of heat exchange and synthesis, purification of the human body from toxins and excess water availability. The skin helps to work the heart, lungs, liver, kidneys. Skin disease in these organs becomes bystander. First and foremost is the man she pointed to problems in the body and is involved in their elimination. For these purposes during therapeutic massage using creams that contain essential oils, herbal extracts and natural juices. These compounds, especially essential oils, have exceptional penetrating ability. If, for example, in the guinea pig on her head shaved a small area of skin and rub this place lavender essential oil, it is already half an hour (at autopsy), it will be fragrant lavender buds.In recent years all over the world there was a decline in the use of synthetic substances for cosmetics and a gradual return to a natural raw materials. In phytocosmetics becoming increasingly important essential oils, extracts, have substantial physiological impact on the human body. Aromatherapy and phytocosmetics become extremely popular form of treatment. Many of the British at various ailments and neuroses turn it to cosmetics with essential oils. In creams, soaps, creams, shampoos, many companies add a small percentage of essential oils. Company Booth chemts became known for its creams, soap, ointments, established on the basis of aromatherapy with essential oils of ylang-ylang, sandalwood, jasmine, rosemary, roses, juniper. Something similar exercises and firm "Bodi shop, producing natural cosmetics. The company has recently suggested that cream that acts as a good sleeping pill, and it also contains natural substances that contribute to easing tensions and pain in the muscles. Detergents and creams with essential oils and extracts produced by the firm "Shvartskop", Kharkov perfume and cosmetic factory "Effect", the Moscow factory "Freedom" and others. The Israeli firm "Doctor Dora" has developed a series of cosmetic creams, ointments, which uses extracts of medicinal plants, essential oils and Dead Sea salt water as claimed by the company, there fitokosmetiches-tions means for treating neurological disorders, neuroses, varicose veins and impotence in men. Perfumes with aezapamyatnyh currently used by man in various forms. It was natural scented water, essences, extracts, scented balms. Fragrances are used with a specific purpose: to flavor clothing, body, underwear and psycho-emotional-tion effects on the human body. As stated in the letters of Helena Roerich "Smells are able to control mood and capacity for work. It is known that in France, lived in XVIII century, the famous perfumer, Jean-Baptiste Grenier, who had a phenomenal ability to create complex flavors, terrific way affecting the human psyche. Effect of odors on mental and physical condition of the person it was well known to our ancestors, and at all times they tried to use this precious gift of nature as a noble, well, at times, and not very noble purpose. In the middle of the XIV century trade aromas in the hands of the Arabs. Bargaining mainly cinnamon, sandalwood, Benzoin resin, camphor, geranium, ladannikom, musk, and a little later, frankincense, myrrh, aromatic cane, Mecca balsam. In ancient Greece, is widely used perfume, which were prepared from the resins, spices, balms, essences. Once had mastered the technology for essential oils from aromatic plants, they were an indispensable component in all of ancient recipes cooking perfumes. In the countries of the ancient world particularly valuable natural scented water, in particular: pink, Fialkova, mint. On the application of essential oils in perfumes known, for example, from the book in 1306 Henry MONDEVILLE Book on cosmetics, which refers to the pink, Fialkova water and some essential oil plant – the main raw material for perfumes. In the economic records of the Russian tsars said that scents were prepared in the royal pharmacy and safeguarded in silver and gold aromatnitsah. Recipes flavors were kept in secret, but it is known that they comprised rose water, ambergris, extracts of herbs. However, the rapid development of perfumery began when made in the XVI century opening Marutsio Fandzhipani, who first opened the aromas in wine alcohol. All existing flavors in the perfume can be obtained
by mixing in appropriate proportions of aromatics, which correspond to one of the seven basic odors. As we see in nature clearly maintained the principle septimal: seven colors of the spectrum, seven simple sounds, the seven components of the odor – is the foundation for building harmony of the world, in which a person. Speaking about the nature of odors, it should be divided into two main categories – floral and fantasy. The majority of women using perfume fantasy directions which can be divided into five groups. The most fashionable – aldehyde group-required birth house Chanel. It is here May 5, 1921of all proposed perfume bottle was selected at number 5, which was the beginning of the spirits, the direction of the smell and the appearance of "Chanel number 5". Representative of the second – chypre group – with green, slightly bitter, woody infusions are very popular perfume company Coty ("Miss Dior" and others). Two groups with spicy and oriental fragrance you are also familiar – it was spirits "Vanuatu", "Odium", "Mazhi Noir", "Magic", "Aurora", "Scheherazade", "Eros." The largest group of spirits with a fresh, delicate fragrance of flower bouquet – American Ghosts "Chao", French "white lily", "Paris", "Diorissimo", Russian "Grant Mills", "White Acacia", "Flowers of Evil" and so D. Spirits live in time, they have their own youth, its maturity and its age. And only if they are in all three age groups are equally exude a pleasant aroma, they can be considered successful. According to French perfumes, perfume, scent must have a perfect and harmonious, and at the same time, delightfully new. It must be fresh, but not intrusive and not saccharine, deep, beautiful, attractive, luxurious dark brown and deep with in it there should be no congestion, no bombast, no trace of vulgarity. Men's colognes are also divided into four main groups. We note the two most popular and fashionable: the smell of tobacco and chypre. Colognes with the smell of tobacco in harmony men clothing which includes leather goods. This cologne "Men's Club", "Derby", "Barsalino", "Commander", "Crew", "Centaur", "Avtorodeo" and cologne chypre group you are familiar, such as: "Aramis", "Dra-car "Retro". For your mood, age, lifestyle, clothing, skin color, hair color, partner, and the environment, time of day and year to choose their own unique flavor, which enables you to live in harmony with the world, please yourself and others. Accept what is wrong with the selected aroma and a way to use perfume can spoil the mood for you and others, at a time as you have and can not guess. Therefore, the choice of the individual flavor, a delicate and need to treat it seriously. The aroma of every man or woman should be linked to their personality and create memories with each other in their absence, and only one unique, beloved scent can play all the bright, unforgettable moments of mutual communication as well as certain smells imprinted in our memories and are a kind of code, which can cause the whole picture memories of human life.